Glass machinery



IJuly 27.4

c. w. AVERY ET AL I GLASS' MAQHJIIQEI'W Filed Feb. 24,` `1922 -2sheets-sheet 1` 1593997 c. w. AVERY ET A1.

July 2 7 1926.

GLASS MACHINERY 2` Sheets-Shee-t 2 l.sua

Filed Feb. 24, 1922 v INVENTOR.

paralisil July 27, 192e. i

CLARENCE W. AVERY ANI) WENZEL G, 'VE

S PT

i flatteur cuil OFFICE.

SEY, OF DETROIT, MIHIGAN, ASSIGNORS T0 FORD Moron ooiiiEaNY, or DE'ruorr, MIoHioAN, A CORPORATION or DELAWARE.

GLASS MACHINERY.

, l i ppication filed February 24, 1922. Serial No. 538,994.

The object of ourinvention is to provide A further object ot ourinvention is to for the mauutae and incr.-

furtherobject' et our invention is to machinery be passedcontinugrindfinished provide means in connection with the individualelements or of grinding or polishing devices for ing a uniform actionupon each unit, so that the units of such a battery the glass fromresultingT action of the battery will be uniform, thereby producing,rcontinuously glass of uniform iinish.

A further object oi: ourv invention is to provide. in connection with amoving table and a battery ot finishing therewith, means sensitive tothewor by each unit so that such means may iiiatically control the powersupplied units associated k done autoto that unit thereby automaticallymaintaining the work done by such unit to a substantially constantamount.

A further object of our-.invention is to provide, in combination with agrinding or polishing unit, means for automatically varying the actionof the unit on the glass as the load on the unit drivingl means Still a`further object ot our invention is to provide,

in combination with a polishing unit` means for varying the consistencyor e'ti'ec't ot the abrasive used by automatically varying the load unitdriving means.

therewith,

thereon the With these and other objects in view, our

invention consists in the arrangement, conibination and construction etlthcvarious l u u u partsot our improved device, described in thespeeilicatio'n, claimed in our claims,

and shown in the accompanying drawings,

in which:

Figure 1 illustrates a a portie-n of an organism polishingv glass, the`being that ot a polishing line, only .the units or polishing;r

that number sulliciently our invention.

Figure 2 shows a side elevation of seinbly shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a top or plan view top or plan view of tor grinding orillustration here used tivo of heads being shown as serves to illustrateO our "we have used the reference numeral :carry motors 1G whichimproved 4 regulating device and casing therefor, thev cover beingremoved.'

Figure 4 shows a diagrammatic view et the electrical connections inconnection with our improved device.

, Figure shows a top or plan view of the magnetic Valve used inconnection with our device, and

Figure shows a side elevation of said valve, parts being broken away te.better illustrate the construction thereof.

Referring to the accompanying drawing 10 to indicate, lmnerally, the'plurality of successive supports upoii which is laid a track 11 whichin turn carries a plurality et moving' tables 12 which are designed to.be forced along 'the track 11 on rollers 13 by any suitable source ofpower, as` for instance, a chain indicated by the dotted lines 14 mayco-act with lugs extending from' the bottom of the tables 12 to forcethe t ables along the tracks; the chain 14 may be in turn driven by anysuitable source ot power which is not, however, here shown as sameformsno part of our invention in so tar as it is necessary that some force beused to move the tables 1Q continuously along the tracks 1l. Y

. Disposed at intervals along the tracks l1 are a plurality et grindingor polishing' heads formed with yokes 15 designed to' in turn drive gearwheels 17.- These latter in turn are connected with polishing orgrinding; pads 18 which are carried by the yolres 15 and rest. or areiess'cd` on the tables or platens 12. Mount ed ou the platens or tables12 in any suitable manner. as by being set in plaster, are plates ofrough glass whereby when the platens 1Q are forced alongT theti'ack 11then the polishing' padslS may contact with the upper surface ot' theglass to polishsauie. lt will be understood in this connection that Wehave here shown and ticularly a device for polishing glass which hasalready been ground but that our invention is not limited to that'feature or ele nient and may lie/extended to similar means torregulating the units of grinding apparatus. y

It will be. understood that. where such heads or the polishing or"`glass which has already been ground. then that this polishing isaccomplished by the rubbing ot telt or other units are used inconnection WithA suitable pads 18 over the surface or theglees which hasbeen coated with rouge; The rouge used for this process consists simplyot iron oxide mixed with Water and of e suitable consistency, thelattenl determining the'elleet ot' the polishing pads on the surface ofthe glass that is, the nxnout und thickness or fluidity of the rougecontrols the action ol the pads on the surface ot' the glass ussuiniueall other features, suoh as speed or the like. are equal.. lt will alsohe understood that where :1 buttery of polishers used on the gloss sothan it can he passed eueeessirely beneath the various heads of thelmttery then that the gloss becomes heet ell due to the polishing actionof these heads 'to e certain extent. dependingl upon the offer tirent-ssof the polishing devices on the sur- 'lince ot' the glass Whichfin turnis regulated hy the Consistency of the rouge on the smfoce ot the Itthis heat, imparted to the glass is not uniform or substantially uniformit will he seen that any strains in the gloss und expansion thereof. dueto unequal heating of the glass, is very likely to cause n considerableper cent of breakage.' ln feet our invention when installed upon such eglues `grinding' device has largely decreased the hreolorg'e of theglass dueto these changes in temperature. livioreofver, if thepolishingr hends oi the hatte/ry do not each not lith snhstnntinllytheseine eflect and nnwrinium elleiency upon the passingrtherehe neeth itwill he seen 'that the eliieieney ot the polishingr heads will hediminished und the quality ofthe glass produced ntl'ected7onthe'quantity varied..

'live accomplish the regulation o the ivorh done hy each polishing' unithy :mtoniaticrilly varying the fluidityY or consistency ot. the

rouge' directl)7 in proportion to the load on the' driving ineens forthe polishing; pads. Une Forni of :iecomplishinlir this result isiliustinted in the :meoznpuurine' drawings wherein e. toed line l)extends along the troels': il and is tripped .fuljurent to euchpolishing;- heml so that :1 nozzle il() may he supplied with Water fromthe iiecthline lil. An eleetiienllv i .operated valve 2l. eoutrols theunter 'flowing lill .from the spout 20 hy heine electrically sonneo'ted'wil-lt'n eontrolling mechanism housed in the easing This eontroidevice is also connected with thel motor J6 so that Varin-y tinns in theloud on the i'noto'r 16 will nronortionlitely very the :unount o1"weiter tlowing from the Spent 2O hy ineens of the niegnetic vulve 2l.The amount oil Water lilouing from the snout Q0 of eouree governs theeoneisteney of the ronge on surfeeeo the glass on the platens l2thereby' controlling the Work done on the glass beneath each heath thatis We have provided ineens for-inoreef=,-' ing' the supply of meer torouge ou the surface ot the gless when the load on the unit; drivingmechanism becomes hem/ier,

will. he

' that; hy plugging into the meneer und ineens for cutting ofi thesupply of Water u'hcn the load on the unit driving mechanism becomeslighter7 with the result that theincreosod supply of Water thine therouge thereby decreasing .the proportionate action-of the heed on thegloss, While cutting oft' the supply otwziter thickens the rougeproportitnmtely thereby increasing thee-liet ot' the polisl'iing` headon the glass proportionately. By this means We are enabled to meint-einthe load onxeech polishing head substantially uniform thereby securing,as has been before indicated, glass of substantially unilorni quality insubstantially maXimum amounts in proportion to the equipment used, andwith. e .minimum amount or breakage.

The regulating; device used inconneotion with our invention isillustrated by the enlarged detail 'View Shown in Figure 3. and the'wiring used is illustrated in the diagram, Higuree. En this connectionit will he understood that this device here illustratedis eut intothe'motor supply circuit by connectingF one lWire 2.1 from any suitablesource of current, with the sereni The current' is carried www from thedevice and-on over to vacross e current carrying' element '2?' of knownresietnnceq to @terminal 28. .A shunt circuit is around the resistanceelement Q7 hy ineens ot Wiree 2l? end 30 which are eoiineoted to theterminals 24 and 2Sy resneotirel'v. und eounectedgto e socket Si; so.socket. 3i with an nmmeter7 voltineter? or other :instrument thequantity or quality ot the cmrent passing 'thru 'the ret-istenceelement. mnjf he determined. This onzihles en operetozxto deter mine thecurrent need hy the motor i6 therehy rumbling the operator to adjustthat current to euuse the motor to drive the polishing )onde with e,predeterznined energy therelrtr`4 ,Living :i predetermined linieh on the2floss.

aiding 'troni the terminal 28 to the terminal .Q6 are one or moreresistanee elements 5K2 of what. are terlnetl the hot Wire type-- thatist these, resistanee elements are so arranged und o'f'suehmateriel-that nu increase in the current carried h 1 these elementsresulte in hosting the elements thereby lergeliY increasing' theirresistance whenever en oferlozul or extra henvyreurrent is passedtherethru. The terminals 2GA and. 28 are also eouneetedhy n shuntcircuit nornirising the wires 22S-and Ill Ywhich terniiiinte in zi relay35. This rel-oy vl5 operates en armature switch 8G which closes ecircuit thru the coil '37 Whenever the current passing thru the relejvreaches predetermined amount. The relay circuit thru the coil 37 isconnected to any suitable souree ot power, es toe'lgstteryfl, .A returnwir@ 59 for the xnotor 16 completes the circuit for the motor 16. to thesource of electrical energy .designed to drive the motor. V

`The coil 3?' operates the magnetic4 valve device illustrated in Figures5 and 6. these figures a frame or support 40 carries a pair 1of themagnets 37 held in spaced relation and also carriesl binding posts 4lwhich may he connected with the vrelay 85 by any suitable Wiring. A"normally closed valve 42 with a'spring 43 permits a current of Waterfior other fluid to pass thru the valve housing 44 which in turn isconnected to the feed line l5), An armature 45 vvhich is circular, inthe form here shown, is attached to thevalve stem 46 of the valve 42above the magnets 37 so that `when circuit is closed thru these magnetsthen the valve 43 will Ybe opened to permit Water to pass thru the avery 'running the motor 16.

'passing valve housing 44 as the magnets 37. will draw the armature downthereby opening the valve.

In the practical operation ot ouriin proved device, it Will' be.apparent that the device, generally speaking, is inserted in a motorcurrent feed lineso vthat the motor current coming in thru the Wire 2?)will lpass trom the terminal 24 to the terminal 28 normally by means ofthe resistanyfe element 2T. W'hen. however. an ammeter or otherelectrical measuring; instrument is plugged into the plug 31 then thecurrent will divide and pass thru the Wires 29 and 30 and the resist'-ance element -27 inversely in proportion to their respectiveresistances, thereby enabling fine reading onthe current recordingfinstrument of the current being used for The. entrent reachingdtheterminal 28 then mav pass along the hot' Wire resistance-32 to theterminal 2GA and may .pass thru the coil o't-the relay to the terminal26; from the terminal 26 the current passes on to the Wire 25 to themotor 16. ltwill readily be seen that the current thru the coil of therelay 35 and the current passing thru the hot wires 32 Will be inverselyproportional to their resistances. By the use of these hot wires 32 weare` therefore, enabled touse a relatively small relay for closing thearmature-switch' 36, and in some of the models 'which we have made wehave used an ordinary'cutout for a generator otv an automobile for therelay and arrangedit to close the magnetic valve circuit at about fromten to twelve amperes. lt will be understood that the spring: tension onthe relay may be adjusted therebyregulating the resistance of the relayarmature 'to lthe magnetic pull of the relay conyvliich will result inenabling the operator to determine to a very fine degree the currentsuppliedto the motors' which lwill actnate the relays to close the relaycircuits. The hotwires 32 which we haveused so far have been of suchfsize and resistance thatl ther v production due to looseningthe screws26 current -load of the motor 'at normalspeeds creased load on thepolishing units t'h'en the increased current passing' thru the hot Wireswill cause them'to heat quickly thereby increasing their resistance at avery rapid rate. On the other hand. the relay resistance will remain.substantially uniform so that the current passing thercthru will be verylargely increased proportionately` actuates the relay to in turnact-nate the magnetic valve. thereby causing;r an additional supply otwater to be 'fed to the rouge on the 1glass which is being polished.4This u'ater or 'dilution ot the rouge ahnost immediately lightcns theload on the polishing unitso that the current passing to the motorivillbe less and the hot Wires 32 vvill be allowed to cool. lt will be seenthat. by the use of these hot wires composed of Vearetnlly which inturny graduated 'nichrome or other met-al of snnilar properties. we areenabled to largely increase the sensitiveness ot the relay used forclosing the magnetic valve circuit and at the same time we are enabledto use a very small relay device so that our entire regulator with theexception ot'the battery and the magnetic valve tor the water supply maybe housed in averv small casingA 22. which. in the form actually used,is less than three inrhes across and twelve, inches long. On the otherhand. this comparatively small and inexpensive regulator has verylargely rcduced our breakage since it Was installed besides apprcciablyincreasing the quality and quantity ot' the'glass produced.

Among the many advantages arising from the use of our improved device.ot course the outstanding feature is the largely increased the cuttingdown of the breakage ot the glass without material increase in the costof production. `We are also enabled to run our polishing devicessomewhat more rapidly because the ,full efficiency of each polishinghead is used and the glass resulting is of somewhat finer lin- `ish dueto the more uniform operation ot' the automatic regulators. the variouspolishers relative. to the regulator itself, it will readily be seenthat it oceupies little room` is comparatively eheap and' inexpensivetor installation, and may .be readily made adjustable .to variouseurrent loads for the motor 16, by simply and sliding= the hot wires 32in andlout from the terminals'in which the screws 26 and 28 are set,thereby varying their effective resistances. `The In the operation otcompactness of the device -is largely increased by the-use ofthe'combined hot Wire and relay structure, and the sensitiveness thereofhas' also largely increased.

Itmay be mentioned'in passing, however,

that it has heretofore been tried to have in the specification or claimsthat we mean to 49 manually operated devices for accomplishincludethereby the equivalent and functions f ing the result accomplished byour automatic of a hot wire.

device but that the manual' control was Somey changes may be made in thear- 5 Wholly iuisatis't'actory '1 that the expense of rangement andconstruction of the various an operator to each head of a battery wouldparts 'of our improved device without de- 45 he entirely out ot thequestion, and yet where parting from the spirit of the invention oneoperator attempted to attend to the suptherein and il 1s our intentionto cover by ply of rouge for several heads, apparently, our claims suchchanges as may be reason- Il() such operator was wholly unable to attaina ably included within the scope thereof.

uniform fluidity of the rouge t0 thereby lVe claim as our invention: 50eliminate breakage. l. In a' device of the class described in- Uurinvention has been described herein cluding a work carrying table. anabrading as applied wholly to "glass" grinding or. oldevice associatedtherewith, electrical means ishing machinery and is shown and deserlbed.for driving the abrading devices, means for more particularly inconnection'iv/iththe pol-l feeding an abrasive substance to the work on55 ishing machinery. On the other 'handfit will the table, and meansincluded in the driving readily apparent that sucha regulator device.circuit for automatically varyingl the and principle in regulating maybe largely 'abrasive substance supplied in proportion to 204 used inconnection vwith other forms of the current passing through said circuitgrinding and polishing such. for instance, as whereby theetticiency olfthe abrading device 60 marble or slate, and that the usefulness of maybe maintained to a substantially con- /the regulator proper need notnecessarily be stant pre-determined amount. confined to glassmachinery.i' 2. ln a device of the classdescribed, init will bc apparent thatwhile We have cluding a work carrying table, an abrading herein shown apair of hot/wires 32 orone device associated therewith, electric means65 ot' the circuits between the contacts 26 and fordriving' the abradingdevice, an abrasive 28, yet other resistances of a similarcharacsubstance associated with the table and ter may be used instead ofthe hot wires abradinp; device, means for varying the qualwhere suchcurrent carrying devices will ity oi said abrasive substance, and meansinpermit a predetermined 'amount of current to eluded in the driving'circuit i'or automati- 70 flow therethru with a. relatively slightrecally Operatingsaid las( described means in sistance, but theresistance will increaseniore proportion 'to the current passing throughrapidly in proportion when an increased cursaid circuit whereby theeliicienry ot' the 35'rent is forced thru .such devices whereby theabrading` device may be maintained substanope ation of the relay 35 maybe more sensitially constant.

tive to current changes between the contacts Dated February li'. 1922.

26 and 28. It will also be understood hat (lLAltlCNtll XV, AVER Y.

where we have referred to hot wire devices VENZEL G. VESEY.

